The Crane
The Romantic Era composer, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, uses the Ukrainian folk song, the Crane, in the 4th movement of his 2nd Symphony. How does he treat the melody?
Listening Activity
Symphony #2, "The Little Russian", movement 4
History
Tchaikovsky wrote his Second Symphony in 1872. The Symphony was a hit from its first performance. During Tchaikovsky's life there was a group of Russian Composers called the Russian Five. The Five wanted Russian composers to write nationalistic music. Tchaikovsky didn't really agree with the Five but he did sometimes use folk music in his compositions.
​
Tchaikovsky used three Ukrainian folk songs in the Second Symphony and because of that it was nicknamed the "Little Russian" (At the time, Ukraine was called "Little Russia" but nowadays, it would be more accurate to call it "The Ukrainian". )
Even though it was a big hit, Tchaikovsky was not satisfied with the symphony. He revised it a lot in 1879-80 and the revised version is the one that is played today.
​
Fourth Movement
In the fourth movement of the symphony Tchaikovsky uses a folk song called "The Crane". Tchaikovsky wrote that his butler used to sing the song to him when he was a child.​​​
from Frannie Goldstein (c) 2018
​
Kodaly says: Sing along with the recording to learn the melody. Click/tap on the player to listen.
A Funny Story
Tchaikovsky loved to tell the story about how he almost lost the musical notes for the Little Russian Symphony on a ride to Moscow. In those days, people in Russia used horses from the postoffice to travel between towns. The postmaster would decide who would get the horses hitched to their wagon, and then the postmaster would go with the travelers and the mail. Tchaikovsky and his brother Modest were traveling back to Moscow and they wanted to convince the postmaster to hitch the horses to their wagon. In order to convince the postmaster to give them the horses, Tchaikovsky said he was a Prince - "Prince Volkonsky". The postmaster agreed to hitch the horses to the "Prince's" wagon.
That evening they stopped at an inn to sleep overnight. After dinner Tchaikovsky saw that his luggage wasn't in his room - and the notes for the symphony were in his luggage! Tchaikovsky was afraid that the postmaster had opened the luggage, seen the music and realized that Tchaikovsky wasn't really a prince. He sent someone to get the luggage but the postmaster wouldn't give it to anyone but the "Prince" himself. Tchaikovsky realized that the postmaster hadn't found out his real identity.
When he went to get his luggage he ended up talking to the postmaster for a long time and eventually asked him his name. The postmaster said that his name was "Tchaikovsky" and the composer thought this the postmaster's way of telling him that he knew he wasn't a prince. But later he learned that "Tchaikovsky" was really the postmaster's name! Tchaikovsky always thought this was a really funny story!"
​
Frannie Goldstein (c) 2018
Do you recognize these other symphony composers?
